If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The United States companies that have subsidaries here, among them International Harvester, Anderson & Clayton, Union Carbide and General Electric, have never been able to gain a foothold in the many flourishing family conglomerates. Eugenio Garza Sada fue hijo de uno de los creadores de Cervecera Cuauhtmoc y tambin fund el Tecnolgico de Monterrey. According to the Bloomberg firm,Eva Gonda de Riverais one of the 400 richest people in the world. The Alfa man had to look good on paper.". Alicia Garza's net worth is around $$1 Million - $3 Million as of November 2021. ." Name: Equities % Valuation: Alfa, S. A. They have businesses outside of Mexico as well. Its assets grew from $315 million to $1.5 billion between 1974 and 1978, its sales from $194 million to $836 million, and its income from $21 million to $83 million. No surprise, said FORBES, that year Mexico created more billionaires than any other Latin nation. "The great absolutely pagan parties they gave could always keep the appearance of charity thanks to the ingenuous Franciscan monks who would attach their names to such events," Salinas writes. "Garza Sada Family But in 2014, Slim lost that title to Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates. "We demand that!" The agreements allowed Hylsa to spend as much as $165 million over the next five years in capital expenditures, thereby giving it the opportunity to continue trying to compete in a crowded industry. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Hylsamex's revenues accounted for nearly one-third of Alfa's in 1995 (and 35 percent in 1996), but its net income in 1995 was only 12 percent of the group's total. By 1980 it had 157 subsidiaries in 39 branches of the economy. The Garza Sadas continue to be a dominant force among Mexican capitalists, as shareholders and board members of leading industrial firms, as members of entrepreneurial interest groups, as leaders of business organizations, and as managers of major industrial holding groups. Make Garza Sada 1892 your new home. Everyone plays at convincing themselves that no one knows what everyone knows." The following is a Forbes list of Mexican billionaires is based on an annual assessment of wealth and assets compiled and published by Forbes magazine on April 17, 2017,[1] updated January 8, 2021.[2]. The reasons for the split are unclear and the leaders of the Monterrey Group refuse to discuss it with outsiders. "They also said that Martha Mitchell was mad. See the article in its original context from. Hylsa became the largest privately run steelmaker in Mexico, a fully integrated complex with activities ranging from mining and processing iron ore to finished products. Finally, the author alleges, the decision was taken by some family members to kill the 81-year-old man because he was clearly losing his mind. And anyway, all the private things I write, everyone knows about in Monterrey - employes, wives, servants. Isaac Garza Sada was born to Isaac Garza Garza, Fundador Cervecera Cuauhtmoc and Consuelo Garza Garza (born Sada Muguerza). Besides all her Worth, she gets a salary of 20 lakh each year from her personal Investments, Real estate, Stocks. About 70 percent of the foreign lenders agreed to exchange about $639 million of the debt for about $385 million in debt owed by Mexico itself and about $69 million in cash. By the end of the year it was predicting a $60 million loss and it finally reported an actual loss of $120 million. Under a complex arrangement, the creditor banks forgave $920 million in Alfa's debt in return for 45 percent of its stock. Pearson 21, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. "It's something I had to do," says Salinas. In 1995, the Mexican peso collapsed and the economy plummeted into a debt crisis that threatened to bring down Wall Street. MONTERREY, MexicoMention Monterrey and the Monterrey Group comes to mind; mention the Monterrey Group and a tightly knit family of wealthy and conservative businessmen comes to mind. Please only use it for a guidance and Mauricio Fernndez Garza's actual income may vary a lot from the dollar amount shown above. 19. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Cemex S.A.B. The Garza Sada family Monterrey, Mexico. Alfa celebrated the restructuring of its debts with an elaborate outdoor mass on a Monterrey baseball field in 1988, attended by 10,000 employees. Alfa was a party to 11 joint ventures with foreign companies. Encuentra la mayor oferta de inmuebles en Eugenio Garza Sada, Monterrey, Nuevo Len en Propiedades.com The Monterrey Group empire derived from the founding in Monterrey of Cerveceria Cuauhtemoc, a brewery, in 1890 by Isaac Garza Garza, his brother-in-law, Francisco Sada Muguerza, and two others. He was also a philanthropist. de C.V., a listed corporation in Mexico with operations in 28 countries, and a business portfolio that includes refrigerated food, energy, petrochemicals, aluminum auto parts, IT and communications. Without the unifying and patriarchal figure of Mr. Garza Sada, the Monterrey Group is splitting into two new groups. Guzmn is currently awaiting trial in a Manhattan maximum security federal prison. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Eugenio Garza Lagera Net Worth: Eugenio Garza Lagera was a Mexican businessman and philanthropist who had a net worth of $2 billion. One observer said that Alfa "bought businesses like someone would buy candies for their children." Like so many affluent women in Mexico, she always had a low profit, moved in the exclusive circles of the "oligrarchs," worked on charity projects and traveled abroad. The net worth of Bernardo Garza Sada and his family was estimated at $1.5 billion in 1996. Bernardo Garza Sada, a nephew of Eugenio, became chairman of Grupo Industrial Alfa, S.A., which inherited Hylsa and many other industrial enterprises, including Empaques de Carton Titan, a packaging company founded in 1926; Nylon de Mexico (synthetic fibers), founded in 1952; and Polioles (chemicals), founded in 1962. ", Another relative, also a member of Monterrey society, she describes as a typical Mexican macho always ready to show off his latest-model sports car or newest mistress. Don Eugenio Garza Sada naci el 11 de enero de 1892. Owners of companies such as El Palacio de Hierro, Peoles, Fresnillo, GNP Seguros, Casa de Bolsa Valores Mexicanos, Tane, Financial Solutions Valmex and Profuturo, are consolidated as the third richest family in Mexico. On the other hand, Ral and Juan Pablo Baillres Gual also work for Grupo Bal. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. "We manage these ventures, always," Garza Sada told Forbes in 1979. Eugenio Garza Lagera was born December 18, 1923 in. de C.V., El Puerto de Liverpool, S.A.B. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on. The memorial to Garza Sada was created to educate future generations of Garza Sadas work. In essence, though, the division of the Monterrey Group falls into the family tradition as sons come of age and assume new responsibilities, groups are subdivided to give them top jobs; and as they marry within the lite, new mergers take place. | Find, read and cite all the research you . Once Echeverria became president, she goes on, he began to press Don Eugenio to sell HYSA, the "group's "most powerful industry, producing 1.3 million tons of steel per year. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Build your family tree online ; Share photos and videos ; Smart Matching technology ; Free! garza sada family net worth garza sada family net worth Carlos Slim Domitis married to Mara Elena Torruco, he is the oldest son of the businessman, he is 49 years old and has a degree in Business Administration from Universidad Anhuac. 4. Although Alfa formed joint ventures with Hercules and American Petrofina to produce polyester, Du Pont to produce other synthetic fibers, Ford to turn out aluminum cylinder heads, and Hitachi to make electric motors, it insisted on control. PDF | Background Numerous biomarker discovery studies and exploratory clinical studies extract a large set of measurable variables, which often have. As the brewery company became Mexico's largest, related activities were expanded and diversified until they too were large corporations on their own. Husband of Consulo Lagera. The chapters full of erotic scenes she says have a purpose: "I know I'm ridiculed for that because I'm a grandmother. . Mauricio Fernndez Garza net worth 5.02 Million Millions of dollars 89% Net worth score Disclamer: Mauricio Fernndez Garza net worth displayed here are calculated based on a combination social factors. Eventually, in 1986, Alfa paid off about five dozen foreign banks in stock. Salinas' excursions into the family closets and the dirty linen, even the skeletons that she claims, have all the makings of a best-seller - a best-seller, that is, had the book not disappeared. View floor plans, photos, and community amenities. With most shares held among the myriad Garza Sada relatives and descendants, composition of ownership of the "Monterrey Group," as it is known, remained hidden. All of these conglomerates rank among the top fifty companies in Mexico. De C.V. is Everardo ElizondoAlmaguer, 76, who is the Independent Director. Roberto Jorge Gonzlez Alcal, son of which Roberto Gonzlez had out of wedlock and who was CEO of GRUMA in Mexico and Latin America, resigned in 2012 to his post after the death of his father. This would bring Mexico's basic industries - oil and electricity were already nationalized - under state control and would represent a major patriolic achievement for Echeverria. See Armando Garza Sada's compensation, career history, education, & memberships. Conoce 68 inmuebles en Eugenio Garza Sada, Monterrey, Nuevo Len, desde $ 300 mil MN hasta $ 16.16 MDP. Los Garza Sada, la millonaria familia de la que habla Lpez Obrador Eugenio Garza Sada fue hijo de uno de los creadores de Cervecera Cuauhtmoc y tambin fund el Tecnolgico de Monterrey. Some family members had, according to well-placed sources, got hold of several chapters and without bothering to go to court had allegedly used their influence with the police. 4. boardman crime activity; nsw freshwater fishing competitions 2022; sermon on church building project pdf; regarding community advisory boards cabs they citi quizlet Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Roberto Garza Sada 1895-1979 - Ancestry Roberto Garza Sada Birth 09 DEC 1895 - Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mexico Death dec 13 1979 - Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mexico Mother Mara Consuelo Sada Muguerza Father Isaac Garza Garza Quick access Family tree New search Roberto Garza Sada family tree Family tree Explore more family trees Parents A 15-member board was named to govern the company, of which nine would be named jointly by the foreign banks and the Garza Sada family. Keep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. Just days before publication, 30 state police burst into the printer's shop and took off with 17,000 copies, the plates, the manuscript and the printer himself. Garza Sada Family, major Mexican entrepreneurial family. Visit the post for more. Lorenzo Servitjes wife was Carmen Montull, daughter of the owner of Cerillera La Central. It was not only the leading private firm in Mexico but in all of Latin America. The businessman has a total of 6 children, three from his first marriage toNinfa Sada Garzaand three others with his current partnerMara Laura Medina. And so it was: 1994 was the biggest for Mexico's super rich. 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La fortuna de los Garza Sada estuvo encabezada por el empresario Eugenio Garza Sada, quien naci el 11 de enero de 1892 y que, junto con el resto de su familia, tuvo que refugiarse en. Two of her eight children, directors in family companies, have been forced to resign, she claims, while one of her researchers has been beaten up and threatened. Enter a total net worth to compare it to the net worth distribution in the United States. In the past month, since the 2017 rankings were published, Slim has become $6.6 billion richer, in large part due to the recovery of the Mexican peso. When foreign technology is needed, it is bought from the United States, Japan or Western Europe, but never on conditions that might permit foreign control over its use. As of February 2023, Sade has a Net worth Estimated at around $80 million. goo goo gaga family net worth; unyoked central coast. Doa Eva has five daughters and one of them:Eva Mara Garza Lagera is married to Jos Antonio El Diablo Fernndez, president of FEMSA. They have businesses outside of Mexico as well. Last updated: 1 March 2023 at 11:00am EST. Himself a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Garza Sada staffed top management with graduates of MIT, Harvard, and the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School of Business. Again, Don Eugenio agreed and, in so doing caused a great uproar within the family. We see them around but we don't know what goes on behind the scenes. david blitzer blackstone net worth; astro warranty registration; seminole county emergency calls; why was george whitefield important; ncaa tennis rankings 2022; fort worth city council district 5. disappointed . "If you look at the profile of our strategy," Garza Medina told a Wall Street Journal reporter, "we are going from a commodity company into more value-added products," with higher profit margins. Anyone can read what you share. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Last updated: 1 February 2023 at 11:00am EST. de C.V., all of which are public companies, as well as Instituto Tecnolgico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey. Isidro Vizcaya Canales, Los orgenes de la industrializacin de Monterrey (1971). The daughter of late Apple founder, Steve Jobs, continues to share her love for Mexican horse rider Eugenio Garza Perez on social networks. Maria, together with her sister and her mother, created Tresalia Capital, which means three allies, as a symbol of the family union of these three. He is president of Amrica Mvil, Telmex, Grupo Carso, Grupo Sanborns and Promotora Musical. FORBES explained that Mexico was the next Latin American country to implement free market policies after Chile in the 1970s. MBA Candidate at Chicago Booth with 4.5 years of experience advising Healthcare and Technology companies in M&A transactions. YouTubers can earn an average of between $3 to $7 per thousand video views. Don Eugenio, Salinas writes, understood and agreed to inform the other industrial captains. Mail us : ben@mus-max.net . It also took a quarter share in Grupo Televisa, which virtually monopolized Mexican television broadcasting. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. The "group" was generally regarded as responsible for initiating a whispering campaign that Echeverria was planning a coup to remain in power which turned his final months into a period of near-national hysteria. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. de C.V. and Axtel. Five leftist guerrillas, charged with "plotting the kidnapping," have been in Monterrey jail for 4 1/2 years without trial or sentence. It operated more than 70 distribution centers. His union with Consuelo produced numerous children, among them Eugenio Garza Sada, Isaac Garza Sada, and Roberto Garza Sada. The collapse of the peso in late 1994 took a heavy toll on Alfa, as on other Mexican enterprises. Around 150,000 people attended Don Eugenia's funeral, which was a virtual declaration of war against Echeverria by a private sector already suspicious of the mildly reformist president and his inflationary spending. Her secretary and researchers would continue the work in the daytime. These children, in turn, intermarried with other prominent Monterrey families, including the Laguera and Seplveda families. Isaac Garza Sepulveda FORBES estimates Azcrraga Jean's net worth at $2.1 billion, less than what his father had. Sada Baby net worth is also pulled. The most famous of these groups, the ALFA industrial group, the largest in Latin America in the early 1980s, was founded by Bernardo Garza Sada, grandson of Isaac and son of Roberto. In 1992, the FORBES billionaires issue was dedicated to Mexico's billionaires. 5 Common Causes of Clogged Drains (and What to Do About Them), 5 Tips For Caring For Human Hair Extensions, The Benefits of Minimal and Barefoot Footwear, 5 Factors to Consider Before Buying Kratom. Over the past two decades, the number of Mexican billionaires has remained mostly stable, ranging between 10 and 16. Mexican TV mogul Emilio Azcrraga Milmo, who died in 1987, was Latin America's richest man in 1992. [+] (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana). Don Eugenio was shot in his car in the early morning of Sept 17, according to police, in a leftist kidnap attempt, according to Salinas' allegations, by hired gunmen. Alpex was Alfa's biggest subsidiary, accounting for 44.5 percent of the parent company's revenues in 1996. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. In addition, foreign lenders who were owed $273 million and Mexican banks holding about $301 million in Hylsa debt agreed to stretch out the loan repayments over 15 years and received 21 percent of Hylsa's common stock. The police action has caused and out-cry in the press, which argues that while the book may not be respectable, its illegal confiscation only underlunes the author's premise: the power of the Garza Sada family. Oil prices would know no limit. de C.V., Axtel, S.A.B. 20th-century Mexican art Icon Link Plus Icon; Icon Link Plus Icon; garza sada family net worth garza sada family net worth de C.V., a public company with a business portfolio that includes refrigerated food, petrochemicals, aluminum auto parts, IT and communications, and hydrocarbons, with operations in 28 countries. Surviving copies of "Our Group" inevitably have becomes hot property: Some have shown up on the black market fetching as much as $130 apiece, spotty photostats have circulated like secret documents. CEMEX S.A.B. But on Sept. 18, 1973, a chapter in the history of Mow terrey came to an Fend. They are also members of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Mexico. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Isaac married Consuelo Sada Muguerza, daughter of Francisco Sada Gmez, and in 1899 founded with his father-in-law Fbrica de Vidrios y Cristales de Monterrey, of which he became president. The other members of the Garza Sada family include Roberto Garza Sada, Eugenio Garza Laguera, and Pablo Garza Sepulveda. Tesla te busca: publica la primera vacante relacionada a la nueva planta en Nuevo Len, Lula da el s a transgnicos: Brasil avala el trigo genticamente modificado, En 2022 anunciaron inversiones por 20 mil mdd ligadas a empresas atradas por nearshoring: Caintra. Don Roberto Garza Sada: La pasin por la excelencia. Augustinians, a Roman Catholic religious order of priests and brothers named after the fifth-century bishop and saint Augustine of Hippo. A new flat-steel minimill was opened that year. The Garza Sada family is worth an estimated $16.9 billion, making them the third-richest family in Mexico . | Learn more about Mauricio R.'s . Get latest information from around the globe. garza funeral home obituaries brownsville tx incident in leyton high road today. Largely because of the collapse of the peso and heavy interest obligations, Alfa lost $233 million and suspended principal as well as interest payments. It was therefoe not surprising that presidential candidate Luis Echeverria had close contact with Don Eugenio or, Salinas recounts, that he alerted him in the late '60s that the social tensions and the recent army repression demanded a tactical change. I've begun to understand the abuse of power and the alienation that comes from the need to gain more and more power through money. Marco is 48 years old and, like his brother, has a degree in Business Administration from Universidad Anhuac. The memorial was established as a way to help prevent crime and to promote the education of young people. "El Grillo Sada" es de los pocos empresarios que durante la pandemia ha salido a entregar personalmente la ayuda tanto a trabajadores de restaurantes como a familias de colonias de bajos recursos ubicadas en diversos municipios de Nuevo Len, a quienes entrega despensas muy bien surtidas. A year later, however, the economic effect of the killing is being felt. Echeverria's supporters, in turn, charged the "Monterrey Group" had a guiding hand in the rapid weakening of the economy by starting the massive flight of capital - $4 left Mexico within a short period - and precipitating the peso devaluation. As a result, he is wealthy in comparison to most singers and rappers. "So if the secret, passionate encounters came to a halt," she writes, "his tequila business received powerful injections of capital. A five-year voting trust for the stock was formed under which 16 percent of the Garza Sada family stock would be held with the 45 percent of the bank stock. Not just a few insiders, the politicians or the businessmen. Petrochemicals, aluminum auto parts, refrigerated foods, telecommunications. In the three decadesthat FORBES has been tracking billionaires, the number of Latin Americans on the list has jumped from twoin 1987 to 87 in FORBES World's Billionaires 2017 rankingsreleased last month. Mazatln Carnival: How much was spent and recovered? Some of the current members of the familys business organizations include Armando Garza Sada, Tomas Roberto Gonzalez Sada, and Dionisio Garza Medina. A low-cost steel producer that invested $982 million between 1990 and 1996 to modernize its facilities, it had the most diversified product line in Mexico's steel industry and was making products for use in the construction, auto parts, and home appliance industries. Isaac was born in 1853, in Monterrey, NL, Mxico. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. ." Vanessa Slim Domitjoined Daniel Hajj Aboumrad in marriage. Hylsamex ' s revenues accounted for nearly one-third of Alfa ' s in 1995 (and 35 percent in 1996), but its net income in 1995 was only 12 percent of the group ' s total. Immediate Family: Son of Isaac Garza Garza and Consuelo Sada Muguerza. The group was later converted to a Heineken subsidiary. By the end of 1988 it had sold most of its food, and all of its tourism, real estate, and electric home-appliance holdings, retaining only two dozen subsidiaries. But over the last 30 years, the Monterreyor BreweryGroup was both held together and developed into a billiondollar operation by Mr. Garza's son, Eugenio Garza Sada, so that today it owns dozens of companies in different sectors and regions of the economy. TRASCENDENCE Don Eugenio Garza Sada was born on January 11, 1892. Tresalia Capital diversifies direct investment businesses and invests in sectors with high growth potential. Source: International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. That's why they need to be unmasked." He followed in the footsteps of his brothers and also has a degree in Business Administration from Universidad Anhuac. Monterrey's politically powerful businessmen are daring and innovative In their business practices. Despite the familys wealth, it is believed that they have been hit hard by the Mexican recession. The bottom 50% own just 1% of the wealth in the U.S. and have a median net worth less than $122,000. The bottom 50% includes 64.3 million families, with 13.4 million of these families having a negative net worth. Su infancia coincidi con la primera etapa de la industrializacin en Mxico, en pleno porfiriato (1876 - 1910), poca en que los inversionistas extranjeros introdujeron las tecnologas ms modernas del momento. South America's biggest economy went from having one billionaire to 43 this year, with a total net worth of $172.1 billion. Brazil has witnessed the largest expansion of billionaires since that first list in 1987. de C.V., Grupo Lamosa, S.A.B. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The other components are led by VITRO, VISA, controlled by the Garza Laguera family, and the CYDSA group, presided over by the Sada Zambrano family. Nineteen years later, in 2010, with a net worth of $74 billion, Slim became the word's richest person. Lorenzo Servitjewas founder of Grupo Bimbo, today considered the largest bakery in the world and which began as a small bakery. The largest commercial chain in Mexico originated in Jalapa when Lzaro Chedraui, a Lebanese immigrant opened the El Puerto de Beirut haberdashery that years later would be the Chedraui Commercial Group. The children of the tortilla entrepreneurRoberto Gonzlez, better known as Maseco, own one of the most important consumer industries in the world;They also own Banorte. When Roberto Garza Sada was born on 9 December 1895, in Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mexico, his father, Isaac Garza de la Garza, was 42 and his mother, Consuelo Sada Muguerza, was 27. Net worth: $24.5 billion Source of wealth: Hearst Corporation About 67 family members share the fortune that William Randolph Hearst created when he took over the San Francisco Examiner in the . A foreign bank representative recalled, "They were on the same kind of roll that the Mexican government was on then. Alberto Baillresis married to Doa Mara Teresa Gual with whom he had: Alejandro, Juan Pablo, Ral, Xavier, Mauricio, and Teresa. In the United States, Garza is now a prominent figure widely known for being a part of the international Black Lives Matter movement. workers' comp settlement chart alabama; how to use rice paper korean bbq. In 1936 the family holdings, already vast, were divided into two separate industrial groups. On this page is a household net worth percentile calculator for the United States. Her book, "Our Group," written surreptitiously at night, offers the sort of blazing indescretions about Mexico's mighty of which the public rarely gets a glimpse: political power games played all the way up to the presidencey, shady business deals, tales of corruption, murder and high living, savored with rich detail of illicit love affairs. It manufactures and distributes cement, ready-mix concrete and aggregates in more than 50 countries. A frozen food plant and a cheese manufacturing facility were under construction. His childhood coincided with the first stage of Mexico's industrialization, during the period in which Porfirio Daz was in office, known as the Porfiriato (1876 - 1910), and when foreign investors introduced the latest technologies of that time. But there was a real problem as to who would be the new supremo, so they juggled the shares within the family and divided the group.. The family lived first in San Rafael and then in Tiburon and operated an antique store, later assisted by her . Ral is in charge of strategic information while Juan Pablo manages the livestock companies. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. In 1996 Alfa formed a joint venture with Valores Industriales, Bancomer (Mexico's second largest bank), and AT&T to enter the Mexican long distance telephone market in competition against Telefonos de Mexico. This was followed in 1996 by net income of 3.06 billion pesos ($400 million) on net sales of 27.83 billion pesos ($3.64 billion). She also studied Art History at Universidad Anhuac. Ninfa Salinas Sada, Benjamn Salinas Sada, and Hugo Salinas Sada are his eldest children. If she knew there would be so much trouble, why did she write the book? Sade is popular as a lead vocalist of the popular band Sade. Aside from the sober, political sections of the book, Salinas uses a sharp tongue and a very personal style to describe the exclusive, tight knit family which she entered by marrying Roberto G. Sada, grandson of one of the founders of the Garza Sada empire.